Information and communications technology (ICT) is an extensional term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals) and computers, as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audiovisual systems, that enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
The term ICT is also used to refer to the convergence of audiovisual and telephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution, and management. ICT is an umbrella term that includes any communication device, encompassing radio, television, cell phones, computer and network hardware, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and appliance with them such as video conferencing and distance learning.
What does ๐๐ง๐๐จ๐ซ๐ฆ๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐จ๐ฆ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ง๐ข๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง๐ฌ ๐๐๐๐ก๐ง๐จ๐ฅ๐จ๐ ๐ฒ (๐๐๐) mean?
-๐๐๐ refers to all the technology used to handle telecommunications, broadcast media, intelligent building management systems, audiovisual processing and transmission systems, and network-based control and monitoring functions.
-Although ๐๐๐ is often considered an extended synonym for information technology, its scope is more broad.
-๐๐๐ has more recently been used to describe the convergence of several technologies and the use of common transmission lines carrying very diverse data and communication types and formats.
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐:
โขArchipelagic Country- improves connectivity: there was the ultimate belief that ICT usage will make each country to become part of the global trend, Web 3.0
โขImprove productivity and efficiency- the most appropriate technologies were seen as the ones that enabled the communities and organizations to communicate more efficiently.
The different types of communication in ICT include electronic mail, video conferencing, facsimile and telephone conferencing. ICT communication deals with storage, retrieval transmission and manipulation of digital information. ICT communication uses ICT devices to connect businesses, organizations and individuals.
โขGovernment and Governance- there was the belief that ICTs help to monitor crime in society
โขEducation- among university academics, ICT help them reach out to colleagues in other parts of the world and keep them up to date with developments in their disciplines
โขEconomy- there was a high belief in ICT ability to increase the ease and speed of social communication and at the same time obviate the problem of transportation and can solve socio-economic problems
โขEmployment- instantaneous availability of data for possible career opportunities through ICTs
โขIndustries- ICTs were generally seen as the basic tools for survival in the next century
โขSmall Business- ICTs were seen to enhance efficiency in the workplace
Communication โ with help of information technologies the instant messaging, emails, voice and video calls becomes quicker, cheaper and much efficient.
Globalization and cultural gap โ by implementing information systems we can bring down the linguistic, geographical and some cultural boundaries. Sharing the information, knowledge, communication and relationships between different countries, languages and cultures becomes much easier.
Availability โ information systems has made it possible for businesses to be open 24ร7 all over the globe. This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere, making purchases from different countries easier and more convenient. It also means that you can have your goods delivered right to your doorstep with having to move a single muscle.
Creation of new types of jobs โ one of the best advantages of information systems is the creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new employment opportunities created with the help of IT.
Cost effectiveness and productivity โ the IS application promotes more efficient operation of the company and also improves the supply of information to decision-makers; applying such systems can also play an important role in helping companies to put greater emphasis on information technology in order to gain a competitive advantage. IS has a positive impact on productivity, however there are some frustrations can be faced by systems users which are directly linked to lack of training and poor systems performance because of system spread.
Unemployment and lack of job security โ implementing the information systems can save a great deal of time during the completion of tasks and some labor mechanic works. Most paperworkโs can be processed immediately, financial transactions are automatically calculated, etc. As technology improves, tasks that were formerly performed by human employees are now carried out by computer systems. For example, automated telephone answering systems have replaced live receptionists in many organizations or online and personal assistants can be good example also. Industry experts believe that the internet has made job security a big issue as since technology keeps on changing with each day. This means that one has to be in a constant learning mode, if he or she wishes for their job to be secure.
Dominant culture โ while information technology may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating another weaker one. For example it is now argued that US influences how most young teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave. Languages too have become overshadowed, with English becoming the primary mode of communication for business and everything else.
Security issues โ thieves and hackers get access to identities and corporate saboteurs target sensitive company data. Such data can include vendor information, bank records, intellectual property and personal data on company management. The hackers distribute the information over the Internet, sell it to rival companies or use it to damage the companyโs image. For example, several retail chains were targeted recently by hackers who stole customer information from their information systems and distributed Social Security numbers and credit card data over the Internet.
Implementation expenses โ to integrate the information system it require pretty good amount of cost in a case of software, hardware and people. Software, hardware and some other services should be rented, bought and supported. Employees need to be trained with unfamiliar information technology and software.
Information systems contribute to the efficient running of organizations. Information systems are showing the exponential growth in each decades. Todayโs information technology has tremendously improved quality of life. Modern medicine has benefited the most with better information system using the latest information technology. By understanding and learning what advantages and disadvantages it can bring, we have to try, believe and put an effort with our best to make that existing advantage much better and navigate the disadvantages to have a less impact on organizations and society.
๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐ ๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐:
โขInteractive Whiteboards
โขComputer Software Including Mind Mapping Tools (inspiration) and Visualization Software (google earth)
โขMobile Phones (calling & texting)
โขSmart Phones (video, internet, email, calling, texting, camera)
โขGaming Consoles (playstation, gameboy, wii)
โขDigital and Video Cameras with Printers or Display units such as digital photo frames
โขTelevisions
โขiPod and iPad
โขDigital Keyboards, Drawing Tablets
โขUSB Flask disks
โขInternet Facilities
โขUse of Interactive Learning
โขOnline Banking
โขOnline Shopping, Advertising, and Selling
โขNetworking
โขGaming
โขCommunicating
โขLearning
โขEntertainment
โขSharing and Displaying
-these systems are real-time system that receives and process transactions
๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐๐:
Social networking website-increases your social connection and establishes a social network from diverse type of people.
Example:
Google+
โขSearch engine website-provides all possible online sources of information.
Example:
Yahoo
Bing
โขOnline storage-provides online storage ant repository of important files which can be accessed online.
Example:
dropbox
onedrive
googledrive
โขCollaborative tools and web applications-allow online collaboration on document content among team members especially if the work requires intensive assessment among members.
Example:
Google apps(google docs,spreadsheet,slides)
Prezi
Office 360
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